Thirty years ago, clients’ changing views about what was “core” and “non-core” to their business transformed the way organisations were structured and triggered a surge in demand for consulting and outsourcing services. Clients are returning to that debate today, but discussions aren’t confined to what they should do for themselves versus what they should ask external parties to do, but whether the activity is best done by people or technology. This will have huge implications for the consulting industry. On the positive side, it will increase the size of the potential market for consulting services, but—more of a challenge—more of those services will be delivered via technology. This report will weigh the pros against the cons, and will explore how consulting firms should respond to both.